Poster Presentation ESA-SRB-ANZOS 2025 in conjunction with ENSA

Diabetes status and in-hospital glycaemic control on COVID-19 related outcomes: A Sri Lankan cohort study (128510)

Kushalee P Jayawickreme 1 , Thilina T Weerawarna-arachchige 1 , Indika Gawarammana 2 , Charles N Antonypillai 1
  1. Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, National Hospital Kandy, Kandy, Sri Lanka
  2. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of glycaemic control with and without pre-existing diabetes on outcomes in patients with severe COVID-19. This was a prospective observational study of 109 patients with severe COVID-19 treated in either intensive care or high dependency care units at National Hospital Kandy, Sri-Lanka. The most prevalent co-morbidity in severely ill COVID-19 patients was diabetes (66%). hose with HbA1c >/=10% had non-significantly longer duration of hospitalization (median 21 vs. 13 days; p=0.073) than those with HbA1c <10%. Individuals treated with steroids for COVID-19 had higher average capillary blood glucose (CBG) during hospitalization (mean 182.9 mg/dL; SD 47.47 vs. 157.28 mg/dL; SD 34.01; p=0.006), but there was no significant difference before and after commencing steroids (p = 0.593). Daily glycaemic variation showed peak at mid-day. Among 76 who required insulin in-hospital, 46 had non-insulin-dependent diabetes, 15 had no pre-existing diabetes, and 14 were not commenced on steroids. Average daily insulin requirement was higher in those who required oxygen (median 24U vs. 0U; p=0.029). Higher proportion of those who required insulin required intubation-and-ventilation (53.3% vs. 29.2%; p=0.012). Higher proportions of those who developed hypoglycaemia required inotropes (72.4% vs. 37.5%; p=0.001), haemodialysis (24.1% vs. 7.55; p=0.018) and developed high D-dimer (>750ng/mL) (94.7% vs. 70.5%; p=0.033) than those without hypoglycaemia. They had a longer duration of hospital stay (median 16 vs. 11.5 days; p=0.047). Fungal sinusitis developed in 4, of which all had pre-existing diabetes; 2 of whom had HbA1c >10% and were previously insulin dependent. 3 individuals developed persistence of new onset diabetes at 3 months post-COVID-19, of which 1 was not treated with steroids for COVID-19. Pre-existing diabetes status, as well as glycaemic control and fluctuations during the acute COVID-19 infection are associated with acute and long-term COVID-19 related adverse outcomes.